If the file has been modified from its original state, some details may not fully reflect the modified file. Soon afterward the book was adapted for a Hollywood film of the same name. Since its publication there has been controversy over its accuracy. French Guiana (/ɡiˈɑːnə/ or /ɡiˈænə/; French: Guyane [ɡɥijan]) is an overseas department and region of France on the northern Atlantic coast of South America in the Guianas. This is due to the presence of old-growth forests (i.e., ancient/primary forests), which are biodiversity hotspots. Dear Land of Guyana, of Rivers and Plains, "Parliament of the Co-operative Republic of Guyana", "Preventing suicide: A global imperative", "Why Does Guyana Have The Highest Suicide Rate In The World? The President of France appoints a prefect (resident at the prefecture building in Cayenne) as his representative to head the local government of French Guiana. By using our services, you agree to our use of cookies. Guyana (IPA: [ɡaɪˈɑːnə]) vagy hivatalos nevén Guyanai Szövetkezeti Köztársaság Dél-Amerika egyik országa. There have been several phases launched by the French government to combat illegal gold mining in French Guiana, beginning with Operation Anaconda beginning in 2003, followed by Operation Harpie in 2008, 2009 and Operation Harpie Reinforce in 2010. Il torneo è stato fondato nel 1959. This page was last changed on 4 August 2020, at 06:37. A Data for the four overseas departments of French Guiana, Martinique, Guadeloupe, and Réunion, not including the new overseas department of Mayotte. Fino all'indipendenza, la Guyana era più culturalmente unita alle isole dei Caraibi inglesi, al Suriname e alla Guyana francese. The Ligue de Football de la Guyane is a member of CONCACAF but not of FIFA, and the French Guiana football team finished third in the 2017 Caribbean Cup. Tourism, especially eco-tourism, is growing. French Guiana was originally inhabited by indigenous people: Kalina, Arawak, Galibi, Palikur, Teko, Wayampi and Wayana. The COVID-19 pandemic was confirmed to have reached the French overseas department and region of French Guiana.The first five cases were found on 4 March and the first death was announced on 20 April 2020. ___ French Guiana Guiana (Guyane) was an overseas department of France and is now a French region (région), located at the central northern coast of South America, bordering the Atlantic Ocean in north. Guiana was designated as a French department in 1797. In addition, in the late nineteenth century, France began requiring forced residencies by prisoners who survived their hard labour. Built in 1969, it replaced the old harbour of Cayenne which was congested and could not cope with modern traffic. The Guianese Socialist Party dominated politics in French Guiana until 2010. [25], In 2017, the GDP of French Guiana at market exchange rates was US$5.18 billion (€4.59 billion),[2] ranking as the largest economy in the Guianas, and the 11th largest in South America. This assembly, the French Guiana Assembly (French: assemblée de Guyane), has replaced the former regional council and departmental council, which were both disbanded. [20] Located within six degrees of the Equator and rising only to modest elevations, French Guiana is hot and oppressively humid all year round. There are two flights a day to Paris (Orly Airport), served by Air France and Air Caraïbes. There are many rivers in French Guiana, including the Waki River. The Petit-Saut Dam, a hydroelectric dam in the north of French Guiana forms an artificial lake and provides hydroelectricity. Bill Marshall, Professor of Comparative Cultural Studies at the University of Stirling[10] wrote of French Guiana's origins: The first French effort to colonize Guiana, in 1763, failed utterly, as settlers were subject to high mortality given the numerous tropical diseases and harsh climate: all but 2,000 of the initial 12,000 settlers died. This latter constituency is the largest in the French Republic by land area. It is one of the most sparsely populated countries in the world (700,000 people live there inside its over 200,000 km² of area). Kourou is the main town on an "administrative district" of French Guyana. Frans Guyana (officieel Guyane, informeel dèks Guyane française) is 'n euverziese regio meh ouch 'n euverzies departemint vaan Fraankriek, gelege in 't noorde vaan Zuid-Amerika.In 't weste grens 't aon Suriname, in 't zuie en ooste aon Brazilië, in 't noorde aon de Atlantische Oceaon.Hoofstad en groetste plaots is Cayenne. Guyana is member of the Commonwealth of Nations. 1 Tout moun fèt lib é égal annan dinyité é annan drwè. in the French central state in the 21st century, French Guiana is a part of the European Union, and its official currency is the euro. Regional languages include French Guianese Creole (not to be confused with Guyanese Creole), six Amerindian languages (Arawak, Palijur, Kali'na, Wayana, Wayampi, Emerillon), four Maroon creole languages (Saramaka, Paramaccan, Aluku, Ndyuka), as well as Hmong Njua. Following a treaty between France and Brazil signed in July 2005, the Oyapock River Bridge over the Oyapock River was built and completed in 2011, becoming the first land crossing ever between French Guiana and the rest of the world (there exists no other bridge crossing the Oyapock River, and no bridge crossing the Maroni River marking the border with Suriname, although there is a ferry crossing to Albina, Suriname). The region has the highest nominal GDP per capita in South America. Lingua creola della Guyana francese: Codici di classificazione; ISO 639-3: gcr (EN) Glottolog: guia1246 (EN) Estratto in lingua; Dichiarazione universale dei diritti umani, art. During operations as a penal colony beginning in the mid-19th century, France transported approximately 56,000 prisoners to Devil's Island. [not verified in body], During World War II and the fall of France to Nazi German forces, Félix Éboué was one of the first to support General Charles de Gaulle of Free France, as early as June 18, 1940. This single French department has at least 98% of vertebrate fauna and 96% of vascular plants as found in all of France and its overseas territories. French Guiana is home to many different ecosystems: tropical rainforests, coastal mangroves, savannahs, inselbergs and many types of wetlands. Regionalt anses Guyana for at være et caribisk land, eftersom det har stærke kulturelle, historiske og politiske forbindelser til andre anglo-caribiske lande. The sentences of the convicts were often long, and the prospect of employment very weak, so the convicts caught butterflies to sell in the international market, both for scientific purposes as well as general collecting. Tourism. It borders Brazil to the east and south and Suriname to the west. Guyana francese o Guiana francese (in francese Guyane) è un dipartimento d'oltremare dell'America del Sud confinante a sud e ad est col Brasile, ad ovest col Suriname e si affaccia a nord sull'Oceano Atlantico.. Da sapere []. It is largely responsible for the rapid population growth of French Guiana. Becoming an instant bestseller, it was translated into English from the original French by June P. Wilson and Walter B. Michaels for a 1970 edition, and by author Patrick O'Brian. Today they have been replaced by livestock raising (essentially beef cattle and pigs) in the coastal savannas between Cayenne and the second-largest town, Saint-Laurent-du-Maroni, and market gardening (fruits and vegetables) developed by the Hmong communities settled in French Guiana in the 1970s, both destined to the local market. Estimates of the percentages of French Guiana ethnic composition are difficult to produce due to the presence of a large proportion of immigrants. Questa voce sugli argomenti cantoni della Francia e Guyana francese è solo un abbozzo. Yé dwé di rézon é di konsyans, é divèt aji roun pou ròt annan roun lèspri di fraténité. WikiZero Özgür Ansiklopedi - Wikipedia Okumanın En Kolay Yolu ... Comuni della Guyana francese Voce principale: Comuni della Francia. [45][46], Current administrative regions (since 2016), Former administrative regions (1982–2015), Outlying territories of European countries, Please help by moving some material from it into the body of the article. There are also smaller groups from various Caribbean islands, mainly Martinique, Guadeloupe, Saint Lucia as well as Dominica. French Guiana sends two deputies to the French National Assembly, one representing the commune (municipality) of Cayenne and the commune of Macouria, and the other representing the rest of French Guiana. The flight time from Cayenne to Paris is 8 hours and 10 minutes, and from Paris to Cayenne it is 8 hours and 30 minutes. Georgetown is the capital; like most of the country's settlements, it is on a flat coastal plain that goes from northwest to southeast. French Guiana is the only territory of the mainland Americas to have full integration in a European country. The resulting ashes elevate soil pH (i.e., lower soil acidity), and contribute minerals and other nutrients to the soil. The rainforests of French Guiana provide shelter for many species during dry periods and terrestrial glaciation. Guyana habitesis dal indijeni de rasi Arawak e Karib ante l'arivo dil Europani. The Musée de l'Espace is a museum devoted to space and space exploration. [2] Social unrest in 2017 paralyzed the economy for several weeks and led to an economic recession (−1.9% in real terms), which sunk the GDP per capita that year. Itt található a Guyana Űrközpont. It lies within three ecoregions: Guayanan Highlands moist forests, Guianan moist forests, and Guianan mangroves. [30], In 2017, the GDP per capita of French Guiana at market exchange rates, not at PPP, was US$18,313 (€16,218),[2] the highest in South America,[31] but only 46.7% of metropolitan France's average GDP per capita that year, and 55.5% of the metropolitan French regions outside the Paris Region. Nedenstående er en automatisk oversættelse af artiklen Franska Guyana fra den svenske Wikipedia, udført af GramTrans den 2017-08-28 10:14:43. It was intended to replace the Sahara base in Algeria and stimulate economic growth in French Guiana. Alla manifestazione partecipano 33 square. (Its population is less than 1⁄200 that of Metropolitan France.) The Centre Spatial Guyanais (CSG) gets many visitors all year round. [17] March 28, 2017 was the day of the largest demonstration ever held in French Guiana. The Hmong people are also largely Catholic owing to the influence of missionaries who helped bring them to French Guiana. The military there is currently 1,900 strong, expected to increase enrollment in 2014–2015.[42]. ", South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands, St. Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha, https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Guyana&oldid=7056023, Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License. És l'entitat política més petita del continent sud-americà (Surinam n'és l'estat independent més petit). This was operated from 1852 to 1953. The soldiers fired warning shots and rubber "flash balls", but the miners managed to retake one of their boats and about 500 grams of gold. The French Government and its agencies have responsibility for a wide range of issues that are reserved to the national executive power, such as defense and external relations. Etimología. On 12 March 2010 a team of French soldiers and border police were attacked while returning from a successful operation, during which "the soldiers had arrested 15 miners, confiscated three boats, and seized 617 grams of gold... currently worth about $22,317". During the Revolution, the National Convention voted to abolish slavery in February 1794, months after the rebelling slaves had already announced the abolition of slavery in Saint-Domingue. Generally, the Creole population is judged to be about 60–70% of the total population if Haitians (comprising roughly one-third of Creoles) are included, and 30–50% otherwise. [27] In addition, the Guiana Space Centre has played a significant role in the local economy since it was established in Kourou in 1964: it accounted directly and indirectly for 16% of French Guiana's GDP in 2002 (down from 26% in 1994, as the French Guianese economy is becoming increasingly diversified). [2] A large part of French Guiana's economy derives from jobs and businesses associated with the presence of the Guiana Space Centre, now the European Space Agency's primary launch site near the equator. [32], French Guiana's population of 290,691 (2020 estimate[1]), most of whom live along the coast, is substantially ethnically diverse. As a part of France, French Guiana is part of the European Union and the Eurozone; its currency is the euro. French Guiana (/ ɡ i ˈ ɑː n ə / or / ɡ i ˈ æ n ə /; French: Guyane) is an overseas department and region of France on the northern Atlantic coast of South America in the Guianas.It borders Brazil to the east and south and Suriname to the west. French Guiana, as part of France, forms part of the European Union – the largest landmass for an area outside of Europe (since Greenland left the European Community in 1985), with one of the longest EU external boundaries. A Magyarországnál több mint kétszer nagyobb, nagyrészt ma is erdő borította, egykor Brit Guyana néven ismert gyarmat 1966-ban nyerte el függetlenségét. There was some fighting among settlers. On 30 April, the territory was green listed, because the pandemic appeared to be under control except for St-Georges de l'Oyapock. Il centro cittadino è dominato dal monte Cépérou (105 m s.l.m. The official language of French Guiana is French, and it is the predominant language of the department, spoken by most residents as a first or second language. [29], There is very little manufacturing. [12] A Portuguese-British naval squadron took French Guiana for the Portuguese Empire in 1809. [5] More recently, French Guiana has received large numbers of Brazilian and Haitian economic migrants. This is one of the largest worldwide for the leatherback turtle. Guiana officially rallied to Free France in 1943. [22] French Guiana has a high level of biodiversity of both flora and fauna. Research is being actively pursued in multiple fields to determine how these enriched soils were historically created, and how this can be done in modern times. Confini comunali della Guyana Francese. Among the military, police and security forces in French Guiana, are the following: At Easter, French Guianese people eat a traditional dish called Awara broth. The addition of the adjective "French" in most languages other than French is rooted in colonial times, when five such colonies (The Guianas) had been named along the coast, subject to differing powers: namely (from west to east) Spanish Guiana (now Guayana Region and Guayana Esequiba in Venezuela), British Guiana (now Guyana), Dutch Guiana (now Suriname), French Guiana, and Portuguese Guiana (now Amapá in Brazil). The territory of the park covers some 33,900 km2 (13,090 sq mi) upon the communes of Camopi, Maripasoula, Papaïchton, Saint-Élie and Saül. Franco della Guyana francese fuori corso; Stati: Guyana francese: Frazioni: 100 centime: Monete: 5 e 10 centime Banconote: 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 25, 50, 100, 500, 1 000 e 5 000 franchi 1, 5, 10, 50 e 100 nuovi franchi Periodo di circolazione: 1888 - 2002: Sostituita da: Euro dal 1º gennaio 2002: Tasso di cambio Agganciata a: Franco francese But, after France gave up most of its territory in North America in 1803, it developed Guiana as a penal colony, establishing a network of camps and penitentiaries along the coast where prisoners from metropolitan France were sentenced to forced labour. The Guianese General Council officially adopted a departmental flag in 2010. The beaches of the natural reserve of the Amana, the joint Awala-Yalimapo in the west, is an exceptional marine turtle nesting site. The soil characteristics have led to the use of slash and burn agriculture.
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